The
MBTA is a union shop with uniform hourly wages for men and women. All employees
adhere to the same rules and enjoy the same benefits. Promotions are based purely
on seniority, not performance. Men and women with the same seniority have the
same options for scheduling, routes, vacation, and overtime. The rigid work
rules prevent managers from giving preferential treatment to men.
At
time-and-half pay, overtime had a significant effect on the earnings. The men worked
83 percent more overtime hours than the women and were twice as likely to
accept an overtime shift on short notice. About twice as many women as men
never worked overtime.
Under
the Family Medical Leave Act, men took 48 percent fewer unpaid hours off than
women.
Women
disproportionately chose to take undesirable routes if it meant working fewer
nights, weekends, and holidays.
In
comparison with childless workers, fathers worked more overtime and mothers took
more time off.
Throughout
the nation, women generally avoid high-paying jobs that are dangerous or require
strength. They generally favor lower-paying fields. Mothers are more likely
than fathers to choose flexibility over career advancement.
Women
are said to make 80 cents for every dollar made by men. This is probably true,
but it’s mostly because of personal choices, not sexism.
